Acute immune thrombocytopenia

Acute immune thrombocytopenia 

Updated: 07/24/2023

© Jun Wang, MD, PhD

General features
  • Self-limited, usually weeks
  • Almost exclusively in children
  • Usually preceded by a viral infection (varicella, mononucleosis) or vaccination
  • Usually clinical diagnosis based on
Well appearing patient
Mucocutaneous bleeding
No systemic signs
Isolated thrombocytopenia
Clinical presentations
  • Sudden onset
  • Presentations depending on platelet count
  • Mild bleeding/petechiae, unless platelet < 20 x 103/mm3
  • NOT ITP if with lymphadenopathy or splenomegaly, usually suggestive of secondary thrombocytopenia
Key pathogenesis
  • May be associated with auto-reactive cytotoxic T cells, or autoantibodies against platelet membrane components
  • Probably due to exposure of cryptantigens or pseudoantigens
Key Laboratory findings
  • Isolated thrombocytopenia
Key morphological features
  • Megakaryocyte hyperplasia


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Contents

Pathology notes Jun Wang, MD, PhD 1. General information Frequently discussed syndromes Terms of dermatology Terms of hematology 2. Primary immunodeficiency disorders 3. Hemodynamic abnormalities Shock Thrombosis and embolism Bleeding disorders 4.  Benign blood cell disorders Anemia Benign white cell disorders 5. Hematopoietic neoplasms Lymphoid neoplasms Myeloid neoplasms Histiocytic neoplasms: Langerhans cell histiocytosis 6. Cardiovascular system Pulmonary hypertension Cardiovascular system tumors 7. Respiratory tract tumors 8. Gastrointestinal tract Congenital disorders Infectious gastroenteritis Oral cavity Esophagus Stomach Intestinal tumors Salivary glands Exocrine pancreas and gallbladder 9. Urinary system Kidney masses Lower urinary tract 10. Male reproductive system 11. Female genital tract 12. Breast 13. Endocrine organs Pituitary gland Adrenal gland Thyroid gland Parathyroid gland Endocrine pancreas M
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Anemia

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Lymphoid neoplasms

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