Soft tissue neoplasms

Soft tissue neoplasms

Updated: 08/07/2020

© Jun Wang, MD, PhD


General features
  • Non epithelial, extraskeletal tissue, except hematopoietic tissue
  • Usually mesodermal in origin, except peripheral nerves (neuroectoderm)
  • Classified according to type of cellular differentiation
  • Associated with radiation therapy, chemical carcinogens, etc
  • 6 large groups
Adipose tissue
Fibrous tissue
Skeletal muscle
Smooth muscle
Blood/lymphatic vessels
Peripheral nervous system
Diagnostic considerations
  • History
  • Location
  • Morphology
  • Immunohistochemistry studies
  • Cytogenetics/molecular studies
Pathogenesis
Commonly used markers for soft tissue tumor
Commonly seen genetic abnormalities
Some commonly seen soft tissue tumors
  • Adipose tissue tumors
Lipoma
Liposarcoma
  • Fibrous tumors
Nodular fasciitis
Superficial fibromatosis
Deep fibromatosis
Fibrosarcoma
(Skin) Dermatofibroma
(Skin) Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans
  • Muscular tumors
Rhabdomyosarcomas
Rhabdomyoma
Leiomyoma
Leiomyosarcoma
  • Peripheral nerve tumors
Neurofibroma
Schwannoma
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor
  • Vascular tumors and tumor like lesions
Hemangioma
Hemangioblastoma
Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma
Glomus tumor
Angiosarcoma
Kaposi sarcoma
Tumor like lesions
  • Others
Synovial sarcoma
Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor


Practice questions

Back to contents


Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Contents

Pathology notes Jun Wang, MD, PhD 1. General information Frequently discussed syndromes Terms of dermatology Terms of hematology 2. Primary immunodeficiency disorders 3. Hemodynamic abnormalities Shock Thrombosis and embolism Bleeding disorders 4.  Benign blood cell disorders Anemia Benign white cell disorders 5. Hematopoietic neoplasms Lymphoid neoplasms Myeloid neoplasms Histiocytic neoplasms: Langerhans cell histiocytosis 6. Cardiovascular system Pulmonary hypertension Cardiovascular system tumors 7. Respiratory tract tumors 8. Gastrointestinal tract Congenital disorders Infectious gastroenteritis Oral cavity Esophagus Stomach Intestinal tumors Salivary glands Exocrine pancreas and gallbladder 9. Urinary system Kidney masses Lower urinary tract 10. Male reproductive system 11. Female genital tract 12. Breast 13. Endocrine organs Pituitary gland Adrenal gland Thyroid gland Parathyroid gland Endocrine pancreas...
Read more

Anemia

Anemia Updated: 07/13/2024 © Jun Wang, MD, PhD   General features Decrease in red cell mass Hemoglobin: Levels of hemoglobin in a specific volume of whole blood Hematocrit: Fraction of whole blood composed of red blood cells Red cell count: Quantity of red cell in a specific volume of whole blood Three major groups based on RBC sizes Microcytic Normocytic Macrocytic Three major causes Blood loss: acute or chronic Increased red cell destruction: hemolysis Reduced production: marrow failure due to genetic abnormality or nutritional deficiency Etiology Genetic abnormality Hemoglobinopathies RBC cytoskeletal abomorlities Enzyme abnormalities Fanconi anemia Nutritional deficiencies: iron, VB12, folate, general malnutrition Physical etiologies: trauma, burns, frostbite, prosthetic valves, etc Chronic diseases: chronic infections, neoplasia, autoimmune disorders, kidney or liver diseases, etc Infectious diseases: hepatitis, sepsis , malaria, e...
Read more

Lymphoid neoplasms

Lymphocytic neoplasms Updated: 05/17/2020 © Jun Wang, MD, PhD Terminology Lymphoma : Proliferations forming discrete tissue masses Leukemia : Widespread involvement of the bone marrow and usually the peripheral blood Any "lymphoma" can present with or evolve to a leukemic picture, and any "leukemia" can occasionally present with a mass lesion Other hematology terms Important risk factors Immunodeficiency (primary or secondary) Autoimmune disorders Viruses (HIV, KSHV/HHV8, HTLV-1) H. pylori infection Radiation Chemotherapy Diagnostic approaches Complete history, especially those with possible epidemic characters, such as Burkitt lymphoma CBC, Bone marrow Morphology/immunohistochemistry Immunofluorescence flow cytometry Cytogenetic studies Molecular studies Commonly used markers All lymphomas: CD45 B-cell neoplasms: CD5, CD10, CD19, CD20, CD79a, CD23, bcl2, bcl6, cyclin D1, light chai...
Read more