Testicular inflammation and injury
Testicular inflammation and injury Updated: 01/28/2021 © Jun Wang, MD, PhD Infectious epididymitis and orchitis Sexually active men < 35 years of age: Commonly Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae > 35 years: E. coli and Pseudomonas Gonorrhea : Extends from posterior urethra if untreated Mumps : 20 to 30% of postpubertal males one week after parotiditis, commonly unilateral, may cause infertility Tuberculosis : Begins in epididymis and spreads to testis Syphilis : Arises in testis before epididymis Granulomatous orchitis Rare Likely autoimmune process Tender testicular mass with sudden onset Need microbiology studies to rule out infection (AFB, fungal) Torsion May cause testicular infarct Usually occurs in first year of life May be caused by trauma or violent movement Associated with incomplete testicular descent, absent scrotal ligaments, absent gubernaculum testis or testicular atrophy causing testis to be abnormally mobi...