Female genital tract

Pathology of female genital tract 

Updated: 01/23/2024

© Jun Wang, MD, PhD

Key anatomic features
  • Opened channel, pathological basis for pelvic inflammatory disease
  • Cervix: exocervix, endocervix, transformation zone
  • Uterus: fundus, body
  • Fallopian tube: intramural, isthmus, ampulla, infundibulum, fimbriae
  • Placenta: umbilical cord, fetal membrane, placenta
Key histologic features
  • Stratified squamous epithelium from vulva to exocervix
  • Simple columnar epithelium from endocervix to fimbriae
  • Uterine corpus
Endometrium: Glands, stroma
Myometrium
Perimetrium: Mesothelium/peritoneum
  • Ovaries: three components
Epithelium (mesothelium)
Stroma
Germ cells (follicles)
  • Placenta: Cytotrophoblast, syncytiotrophoblast, intermediate trophoblast
Infectious/inflammatory diseases

Diseases of vagina and vulva
Diseases of cervix
Diseases of uterus
Pathology of ovary
Epithelial tumor
Stromal tumor
Germ cell tumor
Metastatic tumor
Pathology of placenta
Hydatidiform mole
Choriocarcinoma
Placental site nodule and placental site trophoblast tumor



Practice questions Ia vulva, vagina and cervix 
Practice questions Ib vulva, vagina and cervix 
Practice questions II uterine corpus 
Practice questions III ovary A
Practice questions IV ovary B  
Practice questions V Placenta  



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