Burkitt Lymphoma

Burkitt Lymphoma
Updated: 8/18/2024
© Jun Wang, MD, PhD

General features
  • Highly aggressive
  • Either endemic, sporadic or immunodeficiency-associated
Endemic: Tropical regions, esp parts of Africa and Asia, 95% are EBV positive
Sporadic: US and Western Europe, young adults and children; high association with EBV in Brazil
Immunodeficiency associated: Adults, often HIV+
Clinical presentations
  • Endemic: Jaw or facial bone tumor, bone marrow involvement in recurrent or treatment resistant disease. 
  • Sporadic: Abdominal mass and ascites. Also diffuse lymphadenopathy; bone marrow and CNS involvement common in recurrent or treatment resistant disease
  • Immunodeficiency-related: Signs or symptoms related to the underlying immunodeficiency, more often involve lymph nodes, bone marrow, and CNS
Key pathogenesis
  • EBV
  • HIV if immunodeficiency-associated
Key morphological features
Markers
  • Positive: CD10, CD19, CD20, almost 100% Ki-67 (proliferation marker), EBER
  • Negative: Cytokeratins
Genetic abnormalities
  • Translocation involving 8q24, C-myc
  • Usually involve one of the heavy or light chain immunoglobulin gene loci

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Anemia

Lymphoid neoplasms