Burkitt Lymphoma
Burkitt Lymphoma
Updated: 8/18/2024
© Jun Wang, MD, PhD
General features
- Highly aggressive
- Either endemic, sporadic or immunodeficiency-associated
Endemic: Tropical regions, esp parts of Africa and Asia, 95% are EBV positive
Sporadic: US and Western Europe, young adults
and children; high association with EBV in Brazil
Immunodeficiency associated: Adults, often HIV+
Clinical presentations
- Endemic: Jaw or facial bone tumor, bone marrow involvement in recurrent or treatment resistant disease.
- Sporadic: Abdominal mass and ascites. Also diffuse lymphadenopathy; bone marrow and CNS involvement common in recurrent or treatment resistant disease
- Immunodeficiency-related: Signs or symptoms related to the underlying immunodeficiency, more often involve lymph nodes, bone marrow, and CNS
Key pathogenesis
- EBV
- HIV if immunodeficiency-associated
Key morphological features
- Monomorphic medium sized cells with round nuclei, brisk mitosis
- Starry sky pattern due to mixed tingible body macrophage
Markers
- Positive: CD10, CD19, CD20, almost 100% Ki-67 (proliferation marker), EBER
- Negative: Cytokeratins
Genetic abnormalities
- Translocation involving 8q24, C-myc
- Usually involve one of the heavy or light chain immunoglobulin gene loci
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