T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma

T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma
Updated: 08/24/2020
© Jun Wang, MD, PhD

General features
  • Less common than B-cell ALL
  • Usually teens and young man
  • Lymphoma: Majority of lymphoblastic lymphoma, mediastinal mass
  • Leukemia if > 20% lymphoblasts in marrow
Clinical presentations
  • Lymphadenopathy
  • Mediastinum mass
Key Laboratory findings
Key morphological features of lymphoblast
  • Larger than normal lymphocytes
  • Scant cytoplasm
  • NO granules
  • NO Auer rods
Markers
  • CD34, CD99, TdT, bcl-2, CD1a, CD2, CD3, CD5, CD7
Genetic abnormalities
  • Various
  • Notch 1


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Contents

Pathology notes Jun Wang, MD, PhD 1. General information Frequently discussed syndromes Terms of dermatology Terms of hematology 2. Primary immunodeficiency disorders 3. Hemodynamic abnormalities Shock Thrombosis and embolism Bleeding disorders 4.  Benign blood cell disorders Anemia Benign white cell disorders 5. Hematopoietic neoplasms Lymphoid neoplasms Myeloid neoplasms Histiocytic neoplasms: Langerhans cell histiocytosis 6. Cardiovascular system Pulmonary hypertension Cardiovascular system tumors 7. Respiratory tract tumors 8. Gastrointestinal tract Congenital disorders Infectious gastroenteritis Oral cavity Esophagus Stomach Intestinal tumors Salivary glands Exocrine pancreas and gallbladder 9. Urinary system Kidney masses Lower urinary tract 10. Male reproductive system 11. Female genital tract 12. Breast 13. Endocrine organs Pituitary gland Adrenal gland Thyroid gland Parathyroid gland Endocrine pancreas M
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Anemia

Anemia Updated: 07/13/2024 © Jun Wang, MD, PhD   General features Decrease in red cell mass Hemoglobin: Levels of hemoglobin in a specific volume of whole blood Hematocrit: Fraction of whole blood composed of red blood cells Red cell count: Quantity of red cell in a specific volume of whole blood Three major groups based on RBC sizes Microcytic Normocytic Macrocytic Three major causes Blood loss: acute or chronic Increased red cell destruction: hemolysis Reduced production: marrow failure due to genetic abnormality or nutritional deficiency Etiology Genetic abnormality Hemoglobinopathies RBC cytoskeletal abomorlities Enzyme abnormalities Fanconi anemia Nutritional deficiencies: iron, VB12, folate, general malnutrition Physical etiologies: trauma, burns, frostbite, prosthetic valves, etc Chronic diseases: chronic infections, neoplasia, autoimmune disorders, kidney or liver diseases, etc Infectious diseases: hepatitis, sepsis , malaria, etc
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Lymphoid neoplasms

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