Osteochondroma

Osteochondroma
Updated: 09/05/2018
© Jun Wang, MD, PhD

General features
  • AKA exostosis
  • Most common benign bone tumor
  • More common in male, < 20
  • Growing stopped and lesion ossified at puberty
  • May transform into chondrosarcoma
Clinical presentations
  • Slow growing
  • Pain if affect nerves or stalk is broken
Most common site
  • Metaphysis
  • Not medullary cavity
  • Distal femur, proximal tibia
  • Not in intramembranous bones
Key radiological findings
  • Pedunculated
  • Often point away from the nearest joint
  • Cortex and medulla continuous with underlying bone
Key morphological features
  • Cartilaginous cap with disorganized growth plate and ossification towards base
  • Relative normal bone trabeculae and marrow
Genetic abnormalities
  • Seen in hereditary exostoses (Hereditary multiple osteochondromas)
  • Various including EXT1 or EXT2
Treatment
  • Simple excision


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