Lymphangioma

Lymphangioma 

Updated: 10/19/2020

© Jun Wang, MD, PhD

General features
  • Most likely malformation
  • Two major groups
Skin/superficial: Lymphangioma circumscriptum
Deep: Cavernous lymphangioma and cystic hygroma
Pathogenesis
  • Disrupted communication of lymphatics to venous system
Clinical presentations
  • Lymphangioma circumscriptum
Vesicles on the skin at birth or shortly after
Increase in number and expand involved area
Usually asymptomatic
May have spontaneous minor bleeding and copious drainage of clear fluid
  • Cavernous lymphangioma
Solitary rubbery nodule with NO skin changes during infancy
More common in the face, trunk, or extremity
A fast growth phase common
  • Cystic hygroma
Deep subcutaneous swelling after birth
Usually in the axilla, base of the neck, or groin
Fill up rapidly with lymph fluid if drained
Morphological features
Management
  • Surgery
  • Sclerotherapy
  • Follow up


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