Fibrocystic changes

Fibrocystic changes
Updated: 01/21/2025
© Jun Wang,MD, PhD

General features
  • A general category for various entities
  • Cystic features, with or without fibrosis
  • Commonly ages 25-45 years
  • Either proliferative (adenosis, hyperplasia) or nonproliferative (cysts)
  • If prolifereative, slightly increased risk of cancer development
Pathogenesis
  • Associated with estrogen effects
Clinical presentations
  • Usually multifocal and bilateral
  • Breast pain that worsens during ovulation
  • Tender nodular swellings
Key morphological features
Increased number of glands
Apocrine metaplasia (more eosinophilic cytoplasm)
Calcification
  • NO cytological atypia
Treatment
  • Aspiration
  • Surgery



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