Twin placenta and abnormal placentation

Twin placenta and abnormal placentation
Updated: 12/03/2018
© Jun Wang, MD, PhD

Twin placenta
  • May be monozygous
  • Dichorionic, diamnionic: Mono or dizygotic; 2 placental plates separated or fused, NO vascular anastomoses; common membrane compose of layer of chorion between two amniotic membranes
  • Monochorionic: Monozygotic; diamnionic (2 amniotic cavities) or monoamnionic (1 amniotic cavity), depending on timing of split; NO chorion between amniotic membrane in common membrane if presents; higher mortality due to premature labor
  • Monoamniotic: Single amniotic cavity for both fetus; high perinatal mortality due to cord complications (twist, knot)
Ectopic pregnancy
  • Implantation outside of the uterine cavity
  • Most common in the tubes
  • Associated with pelvic inflammatory disease or peritubal adhesion
Placenta previa
  • Implantation in the lower uterine segment
  • Occluding the internal os
  • Associated with a history of D&C, Cesarean delivery and multiparity
Placenta accreta
  • Implantation into the myometrium without an intervening layer of deciduas
Enlarged placenta
  • Associated with diabetes, TORCH infections, etc
Succenturiate placenta
  • One or multiple accessory lobes connected to the main disc by blood vessels
  • Risk for hemorrhage and thromboemboli



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