Appendix tumors

Appendix tumors 

Updated: 03/03/2021

© Jun Wang, MD, PhD

General features
  • Most commonly carcinoid
  • Mucinous tumors occur
Carcinoid
  • Most common
  • Peak incidence at 20-39 years
  • Carcinoid syndrome may present
  • Rarely metastases
  • Nested pattern, nuclei with salt and pepper pattern chromatin
  • Express neuroendocrine markers (chromogranin, synaptophysin, CD56)
  • Treatments: Appendectomy if less than 1 cm, right hemicolectomy if > 2 cm or positive surgical margin/pronounced mesoappendiceal spread
Pseudomyxoma peritonei
  • Clinical syndrome, not a histologic diagnosis
  • Extravasation of mucin into abdomen outside of right lower quadrant
  • Clonally derived from associated mucinous tumor, usually of appendix
  • May be associated with ovarian mucinous tumors, although these are probably metastatic from appendix or other GI sites
  • Poor prognosis associated with infection, intestinal obstruction, peritonitis


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