Practice question answers oral cavity pathology

Practice question answers, oral cavity pathology
Updated: 03/07/2019
© Jun Wang, MD, PhD
1. B. Polypoid growth with fibrous core and smooth non-neoplastic squamous covering is most compatible with irritation fibroma, a reactive process. Erythroplakia is usually a reddish patch/plaque that commonly harbors dysplasia. Pyogenic granuloma is indeed a capillary hemangioma with lobulated growth. Squamous cell carcinoma has irregular growth, invasion and cytological atypia. Squamous papilloma has finger like projects with fibrovascular core and benign squamous covering.

2. A. A small shallow oral erosion/ulcer without other presentations is most likely aphthous ulcer. Erythroplakia is usually a reddish patch/plaque that commonly harbors dysplasia. Hairy leukoplakia is a white patch/plaque with a smooth or “hairy” surface. Herpes has clusters of small painful vesicles. Squamous cell carcinoma has mass, with or without ulceration.

3. D. Herpes has clusters of small painful vesicles, and typical cytological changes can be noted per Tzanck smear. Aphthous ulcer is small shallow oral erosion/ulcer without other presentations. Erythroplakia is usually a reddish patch/plaque that commonly harbors dysplasia. Hairy leukoplakia is a white patch/plaque with a smooth or “hairy” surface. Squamous cell carcinoma has mass, with or without ulceration.

4. A. White patches that can be scraped and has erythematous base is likely candidiasis. Erythroplakia is usually a reddish patch/plaque that commonly harbors dysplasia. Hairy leukoplakia is a white patch/plaque with a smooth or “hairy” surface. Herpes has clusters of small painful vesicles. Squamous cell carcinoma has mass, with or without ulceration.

5. C. Pyogenic granuloma is indeed a capillary hemangioma with lobulated growth. Angiosarcoma has complex vascular growth and cytological atypia. Irritation fibroma has polypoid growth with fibrous core and smooth non-neoplastic squamous covering. Squamous cell carcinoma has mass, with or without ulceration. Squamous papilloma has finger like projects with fibrovascular core and benign squamous covering.

6. C. Hairy leukoplakia is a white patch/plaque with a smooth or “hairy” surface, and microscopically it has “balloon cells”. White patch of candidiasis is scrapable. Erythroplakia is usually a reddish patch/plaque that commonly harbors dysplasia. Squamous cell carcinoma has mass, with or without ulceration. Squamous papilloma has finger like projects with fibrovascular core and benign squamous covering.

7. B. Hairy leukoplakia is associated with EB virus, commonly in a patient with HIV infection, but HIV is probably not directly associated with it. Cigarette smoking and human papilloma virus are risk factors for leukoplakia/erythroplakia and squamous cell carcinoma. Human herpes virus causes herpes.

8. D. Non-scrapable white patch with warty appearance is likely leukoplakia. White patch of candidiasis is scrapable. Erythroplakia is usually a reddish patch/plaque that commonly harbors dysplasia. Squamous cell carcinoma has mass, with or without ulceration.

9. C. Since leukoplakia/erythroplakia likely to have dysplasia/squamous cell carcinoma, a biopsy is recommended.

10. B. Erythroplakia is usually a reddish patch/plaque that commonly harbors dysplasia. White patch of candidiasis is scrapable. Hairy leukoplakia is a white patch/plaque with a smooth or “hairy” surface, and microscopically it has “balloon cells”. Lichen planus usually presents with pruritic, polygonal purple papules with flat top, and microscopically it has lichenoid inflammation. Squamous cell carcinoma has mass, with or without ulceration.

11. C. Since leukoplakia/erythroplakia likely to have dysplasia/squamous cell carcinoma, a biopsy is recommended.

12. E. Squamous cell carcinoma usually presents with mass with or without ulceration, and microscopically it has irregular growth, invasion and cytological atypia. Invasion is not seen in other 4 conditions.



Back to contents

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Contents

Pathology notes Jun Wang, MD, PhD 1. General information Frequently discussed syndromes Terms of dermatology Terms of hematology 2. Primary immunodeficiency disorders 3. Hemodynamic abnormalities Shock Thrombosis and embolism Bleeding disorders 4.  Benign blood cell disorders Anemia Benign white cell disorders 5. Hematopoietic neoplasms Lymphoid neoplasms Myeloid neoplasms Histiocytic neoplasms: Langerhans cell histiocytosis 6. Cardiovascular system Pulmonary hypertension Cardiovascular system tumors 7. Respiratory tract tumors 8. Gastrointestinal tract Congenital disorders Infectious gastroenteritis Oral cavity Esophagus Stomach Intestinal tumors Salivary glands Exocrine pancreas and gallbladder 9. Urinary system Kidney masses Lower urinary tract 10. Male reproductive system 11. Female genital tract 12. Breast 13. Endocrine organs Pituitary gland Adrenal gland Thyroid gland Parathyroid gland Endocrine pancreas M
Read more

Anemia

Anemia Updated: 07/13/2024 © Jun Wang, MD, PhD   General features Decrease in red cell mass Hemoglobin: Levels of hemoglobin in a specific volume of whole blood Hematocrit: Fraction of whole blood composed of red blood cells Red cell count: Quantity of red cell in a specific volume of whole blood Three major groups based on RBC sizes Microcytic Normocytic Macrocytic Three major causes Blood loss: acute or chronic Increased red cell destruction: hemolysis Reduced production: marrow failure due to genetic abnormality or nutritional deficiency Etiology Genetic abnormality Hemoglobinopathies RBC cytoskeletal abomorlities Enzyme abnormalities Fanconi anemia Nutritional deficiencies: iron, VB12, folate, general malnutrition Physical etiologies: trauma, burns, frostbite, prosthetic valves, etc Chronic diseases: chronic infections, neoplasia, autoimmune disorders, kidney or liver diseases, etc Infectious diseases: hepatitis, sepsis , malaria, etc
Read more

Lymphoid neoplasms

Lymphocytic neoplasms Updated: 05/17/2020 © Jun Wang, MD, PhD Terminology Lymphoma : Proliferations forming discrete tissue masses Leukemia : Widespread involvement of the bone marrow and usually the peripheral blood Any "lymphoma" can present with or evolve to a leukemic picture, and any "leukemia" can occasionally present with a mass lesion Other hematology terms Important risk factors Immunodeficiency (primary or secondary) Autoimmune disorders Viruses (HIV, KSHV/HHV8, HTLV-1) H. pylori infection Radiation Chemotherapy Diagnostic approaches Complete history, especially those with possible epidemic characters, such as Burkitt lymphoma CBC, Bone marrow Morphology/immunohistochemistry Immunofluorescence flow cytometry Cytogenetic studies Molecular studies Commonly used markers All lymphomas: CD45 B-cell neoplasms: CD5, CD10, CD19, CD20, CD79a, CD23, bcl2, bcl6, cyclin D1, light chai
Read more