Testicle tumors

Testicle tumors 

Updated: 09/14/2021

© Jun Wang, MD, PhD

General features
  • <1% of malignancies in male
  • Most commonly seen solid tumor in male age 15-35
  • Predominantly germ cell tumors in young patients
  • Most common malignant testicular neoplasm if > 60 years: Diffuse large B cell lymphoma
  • Lymphatic spread to periaortic, iliac, mediastinal and supraclavicular nodes
  • Inguinal nodes usually spared unless scrotal or inguinal surgery or invasion of scrotal wall
  • Hematogenous spread to liver, lungs, brain, bones
Germ Cell Tumors
Intratubular germ cell neoplasm, unclassified
Intratubular germ cell neoplasm, specific type
  • Tumors of single histologic type
Seminoma
Spermatocytic seminoma
Embryonal carcinoma
Yolk sac tumor
Choriocarcinoma
Teratoma
  • Mixed germ cell tumor
Sex Cord-Stromal Tumors
  • Leydig cell tumor
  • Sertoli cell tumor
  • Granulosa cell tumor
  • Mixed and indeterminate (unclassified) sex cord stromal tumor
Other Tumors
Clinical features
  • Usually painless mass
Diagnostic approach
  • History
  • Morphology
  • Serum markers, same as ovarian germ cell tumors
hCG: trophoblast components
PLAP: seminoma
AFP: yolk sac tumor


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Contents

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Anemia

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