Pathology Notes

Practice questions Ib answers, female genital tract Pathology of vulva, vagina and cervix © Jun Wang, MD, PhD 1. A. Thick white vaginal discharges are suggestive of candida infection , that can be confirmed by wet mount preparation with identification of fungal pseudo hyphae, as seen in this case. Chlamydia trachomatis is probably the most common type of STD. However, there is no specific morphological changes for chlamydia infection. Gonorrhea usually has purulent discharges with Gram negative diplococci, but not pseudohyphae. Herpes infection is characterized by multinucleation, chromatin margining with ground glass appearing nuclei, as well as molding of nuclei, with marked neutrophilic infiltration. Human papillomavirus infection will cause cervical intraepithelial neoplasia , endocervical adenocarcinoma in situ , and most of cervical carcinomas , with presence of koilocyte , or neoplastic glandular or squamous cells, but not pseudohyphae. 2. D. Yellow-green m

Practice questions Ib, female genital tract Pathology of vulva, vagina and cervix © Jun Wang, MD, PhD 1. Use this image for the next question. A 42-year-old woman presents with pruritus and burning sensation at vulvar, with progressively increasing thick white vaginal discharge for 3 months. She denies dysuria or dyspareunia. She has type II diabetes for 5 years. Physical examination reveals irregular erythematous changes of vulva and vaginal mucosa. An image of the wet mount preparation is shown. What is most likely causing these changes? (Image credit: Mikael Häggström, used with permission. / CC0) A. Candida B. Chlamydia trachomatis C. Gonorrhea D. Herpes simplex E. Human papillomavirus 2. Use this case for the next two questions. A 29-year-old woman presents with intermittent pruritis and burning sensation of her vulva for 4 months. She has had yellow green malodorous vaginal discharge. She does not have other symptoms. Her was found to be HIV po