Pathology Notes

Frequently discussed syndromes ©Jun Wang, MD, PhD Updated 03/02/2021 B Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome C Carney complex Chediak-Higashi syndrome Cowden syndrome D Danys-Drash syndrome DiGeorge syndrome F Familial adenomatous polyposis G Gardner syndrome H Hemolytic-uremic syndrome Horner syndrome Hyper IgM syndrome J Juvenile polyposis syndrome L Li-Fraumeni syndrome Lynch syndrome M Maffucci syndrome Meigs syndrome Muir-Torre Syndrome Multiple endocrine neoplasia  MUTYH-associated polyposis Myelodysplastic syndrome N Neurofibromatosis I Neurofibromatosis II Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome O Ollier Disease P Peutz-Jeghers syndrome Potter syndrome S Serrated polyposis Sezary syndrome   Sjogren syndrome Superior vena cava syndrome T Tuberous sclerosis V Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome W WAGR syndrome Waterhouse Frederichsen syndrome Wiskott

Terms of skin disorders Updated: 02/11/2022 © Jun Wang, MD, PhD     Clinical Angioedema : Abrupt edematous changes of skin or mucosa, similar to urticaria Changes of darkness of skin : Hyperpigmentation : Darker than normal surrounding skin Hypopigmentation : Lighter than normal surrounding skin Crust : Hardened layer of a mixture of serum, blood, or purulent exudates, associated with erosion, or ulcer Cyst : Encapsulated cavity or sac lined by true epithelium Flat colored lesions : Macule : Circumscribed flat area of discoloration < 1 cm Patch : Flat area of discoloration > 1 cm Lesions with discontinuous surface : Fissure : Crack through the epidermis and into the dermis, NO tissue loss Erosion : Discontinuity of skin causing partial loss of epidermis Excoriation : Deep linear scratch, commonly self-induced Ulceration : Discontinuity of skin causing complete loss of epidermis and possible loss of dermis Lichenification : Thickening of sk

Hematology terms A Alder-Reilly anomaly :   Metachromatic granules surrounded by clear zone in lymphocytes, associated with the genetic mucopolysaccharidoses, due to lack the lysosomal enzymes necessary to break down mucopolysaccharides Amyloid : Amorphously deposited fibrillary protein, non-branching fibrils in a beta-pleated sheet conformation; can be monoclonal immunoglobulin; positive for Congo Red; suggestive of B cell disorder Anisocytosis : Red cells unequal in size , commonly seen in anemia Auer rod : N eedle shaped cytoplasmic azurophilic granular material, associated with APL with PML-RARA , and AML with t(8;21)(q22;q22.1) B Bence Jones proteins : Free light chains without attached heavy chains C Cloverleaf/flower cells : Neoplastic T cells with agranular basophilic cytoplasm, multilobated nuclei, in the appearance of clover leaf , seen in adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma Coombs test Direct : Detect antibodies/complements attached to surface of pat