Diabetes nephropathy
Diabetic nephropathy Updated: 01/21/2021 © Jun Wang, MD, PhD General features Leading cause of end stage renal disease Associated with increased extracellular matrix Associated with long standing hyperglycemia Renal disease reduced by tight diabetic control Severity associated with diabetes duration, glycemic control, and genetic background Earliest sign: moderately increased albuminuria (30-300 mg/d) Annual glomerular filtration and urine ablumin level tests in diabetic patients for early detection Diagnosis based on renal biopsy Clinical features Albuminuria Moderately increased albuminuria (microalbuminuria): 30-300 mg/d Severely increased albuminuria (macroalbuminuria): > 300 mg/d Decreasing glomerular filtration rate Hypertension Hypoalbuminemia and associated presentations, such as edema Less common, hematuria Other diabetic complications: diabetic retinopathy , diabetic neuropathy , etc Key pathogenesis Excess extracellular matrix Resulted from stroma